• ISSN: 2148-2225 (online)

Ulaştırma ve Lojistik Kongreleri

alphanumeric journal

The Journal of Operations Research, Statistics, Econometrics and Management Information Systems

Safety Training and Competence, Employee Participation and Involvement, Employee Satisfaction, and Safety Performance: An Empirical Study On Occupational Health And Safety Management System Implementing Manufacturing Firms

Metin Bayram, Ph.D.


Abstract

The objective of the study is to investigate the relationships between safety training and competence, employee participation and involvement, employee satisfaction, and safety performance. Data were collected from 128 manufacturing firms implementing the Occupational Health and Safety Management System in Turkey. The data were analysed through respectively exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. The findings indicated that safety training and competence has a significant positive effect on employee participation and involvement; while employee participation and involvement has a significant positive effect on employee satisfaction; and safety performance has a significant positive effect on employee satisfaction. Furthermore, it was also found that employee satisfaction is indirectly affected by safety training and competence through employee participation and involvement.

Keywords: Employee Participation and Involvement, Employee Satisfaction, Occupational Health and Safety Management System, Safety Performance, Safety Training and Competence

Jel Classification: J24, J28

Suggested citation

Bayram, M. (). Safety Training and Competence, Employee Participation and Involvement, Employee Satisfaction, and Safety Performance: An Empirical Study On Occupational Health And Safety Management System Implementing Manufacturing Firms. Alphanumeric Journal, 7(2), 301-318. http://dx.doi.org/10.17093/alphanumeric.555154

bibtex

References

  • Ashour, A.M. Hassan, Z. & Alekam, J.M.E. (2018) A Conceptual Framework for Upgrading Safety Performance by Influence Safety Training, Management Commitment to Safety and Work Environment: Jordanian Hospitals, International Journal of Business and Social Research, 08(07), 25-35. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.18533/ijbsr.v8i7.1117
  • Al Idrus, S. Abdussakir. & Ansari, S.A. (2018). The effect of organizational learning on market orientation moderated by job satisfaction. Cogent Business & Management, 1-12. doi: 10.1080/23311975.2018.1475048
  • Armstrong, J.S. & Overton, T.S. (1977). Estimating non-response bias in mail surveys. Journal of Marketing Research, 14, 396–402. doi:10.2307/3150783
  • Aytaç, S. (2011). The Importance of Safety Culture in Prevention of Work Accidents [İş kazalarını önlemede güvenlik kültürünün önemi]. Türkmetal Dergisi, October – November, 1–8.
  • Bahn, S. & Barratt-Pugh, L. (2014). Safety training evaluation: The case of construction induction training and the impact on work-related injuries in the Western Australian construction sector. International Journal of Training Research, 12(2), 148–157. doi: 10.1080/14480220.2014.11082037
  • Bartlett, M.S. (1954). A note on the multiplying factors for various chi square approximations. Journal of Royal Statistical Society, 16(Series B), 296–298.
  • Baruch, Y. V Holtom, B.C. (2008). Survey response rate levels and trends in organizational research. Human Relations, 61(8), 1139–1160. doi: 10.1177/0018726708094863
  • Bayram, M. (2018). The Management Commitment to OHS, Employee Satisfaction and Safety Performance: An Empirical Study. International Journal of Latest Engineering and Management Research. 03(07), 63-71.
  • Bayram, M. & Ünğan, M.C. (2018). The relationships between OHS prevention costs, OHSMS practices, employee satisfaction, OHS performance and accident costs. Total Quality Management & Business Excellence, 1–20. doi: 10.1080/14783363.2018.1480897
  • Bayram, M. Ungan, M.C. & Ardıç, K. (2017). The relationships between OHS prevention costs, safety performance, employee satisfaction and accident costs. International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 23(2), 285-296. doi: 10.1080/10803548.2016.1226607
  • Boyar, C. (2014). 6331 Sayılı İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği Kanununun Matbaacılık Sektöründe Devlet İşçi İşveren Arasındaki İlişki” [The relationship among the government, workers and employers in printing industry] Master’s Thesis, Yeni Yüzyıl University, Istanbul, Turkey.
  • Brück, C. (2016). Methods and effects of worker participation [Internet]. Sep 19 [cited 2016 March 1]; [about 1 screens]. Available https://oshwiki.eu/wiki/Methods_and_effects_of_worker_participation
  • Burke, M. J., Salvador, R. O., Smith-Crowe, K., Chan-Serafin, S., Smith, A., & Sonesh, S. (2011), The dread factor: How hazards and safety training influence learning and performance, Journal of Applied Psychology, 96(1), 46-70.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2002). Faktör analizi: temel kavramlar ve ölçek geliştirmede kullanımı, Eğitim Yönetimi Dergisi, 32, 470-483.
  • Carrivick, P. J. W., Lee, A., Yau, K. K. W., and Stevenson, M. (2005) Evaluating the effectiveness of a participatory ergonomics approach in reducing the risk and severity of injuries from manual handling. Ergonomics, 48(8), 907-914.
  • Chang, C.C. Chiu, C.M. & Chen, C.A. (2010). The effect of TQM practices on employee satisfaction and loyalty in government. Total Quality Management & Business Excellence, 21(12), 1299–1314. doi: 10.1080/14783363.2010.530796
  • Cohen, J. (1988) Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences. NJ Lawrence Earlbaum Assoc.
  • Hair, J.F. Hult, G.T.M. Ringle, C. and et al. (2014) A Primer on Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), Sage, Thousand Oaks (CA), USA.
  • Cohen, A. & Colligan, M.J. (1998). Assessing Occupational Safety and Health Training: a Literature Review, DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 98-145, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Publications Dissemination 4676 Columbia Parkway Cincinnati, Ohio.
  • Çabukel, R. (2008) Employee Satisfaction Analysis [Çalışan Memnuniyeti analizleri]” Master’s Thesis, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey.
  • Dawal, S.Z.M. & Taha, Z. (2006). The Effect of Job and Environmental Factors on Job Satisfaction in Automotive Industries. International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics. 12(3), 267–280. doi: 10.1080/10803548.2006.11076687
  • Fernández-Muñiz, B. Montes-Peón, J.M. & Vázquez-Ordás, C.J. (2009). Relation between occupational safety management and firm performance. Safety Science. 47, 980–99. doi: 10.1016/j.ssci.2008.10.0220
  • Fernández-Muñiz, B. Montes-Peón, J.M. & Vázquez-Ordás, C.J. (2012). Safety climate in OHSAS 18001-certified organisations: antecedents and consequences of safety behaviour. Accident Analysis & Prevention. 45, 745–758. doi:10.1016/j.aap.2011.10.002
  • Fernández-Muñiz, B.F. Montes-Peón, J.M. & Vázquez-Ordás, C.J. (2014). Safety leadership, risk management and safety performance in Spanish firms. Safety Science. 70, 295–307. doi: 10.1016/j.ssci.2014.07.010
  • Fornell, C. & Larker, D.F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39–50. doi:10.2307/3151312
  • Gesellschaft für Consulting, Business und Management mbH. (2014). Guideline for the Implementation of an Occupational Health and Safety Organisation. Retrieved from file:///C:/Users/Sau/Desktop/Guideline-Implementation-OHS-Organization_EN_CBM-2014.pdf
  • Ghahramani, A. (2016). An investigation of safety climate in OHSAS 18001-certified and non-certified organizations. International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics. 22(3), 414-421. doi: 10.1080/10803548.2016.1155803
  • Goldstein, I.L. (1986). Training in work organisations. Annual Review of Psychology, 31, 229-272.
  • Grant, A.M. Christianson, M.K. & Price, R.H. (2007). Happiness, health, or relationships? Managerial practices and employee well-being tradeoffs. Academy of Management Perspectives, 51–63. doi: 10.5465/AMP.2007.26421238
  • Grawitch, M.J. Trares, S. & Kohler, J.M. (2007). Healthy workplace practices and employee outcomes. International Journal of Stress Management, 14(3), 275–293. doi:10.1037/1072-5245.14.3.275
  • Gyekye, S. A. (2005). Workers’ Perceptions of Workplace Safety and Job Satisfaction. International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics. 11(3), 291-302.
  • Hair, J.F. Hult, G.T.M. Ringle, C. and et al. (2014) A Primer on Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), Sage, Thousand Oaks (CA), USA.
  • Health and Safety Executive. (2017) Key Process Safety Performance Indicators, A short guide for Directors and CEOs [Internet], Health and Safety Executive, UK. [about 1 screens]. Available from: http://www.hse.gov.uk/leadership/keyindicators.pdf
  • Health and Safety Executive. (2013) Managing for health and safety, Report HSG65, Third edition, The Health and Safety Executive, London. Retrieved from http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/priced/hsg65.pdf
  • Health and Safety Executive. (2005) Obstacles preventing worker involvement in health and safety, Prepared by ECOTEC Ltd for the Health and Safety Executive, UK. Retrieved from: http://www.hse.gov.uk/research/rrpdf/rr296.pdf
  • Health and Safety Executive (2019). Training and competence (Retrieved from: http://www.hse.gov.uk/work-equipment-machinery/training-competence.htm)
  • Henseler, J. Dijkstra, T.K. Sarstedt, M. et al. (2014). Common beliefs and reality about partial least squares: comments on Rönkkö & Evermann (2013). Organizational Research Methods, 17(2), 182–209. doi:10.1177/1094428114526928
  • Hillage, J. Kersley, B. Bates, P. & Rick, J. (2000) The role and effectiveness of safety representatives in influencing workplace health and safety, Contract Research Report CRR 268/2000, Health and Safety Executive, UK. Available from: http://www.hse.gov.uk/research/crr_pdf/2000/CRR00268.pdf
  • Hu, L. & Bentler, P.M. (1998). Fit indices in covariance structure modeling: sensitivity to underparameterized model misspecification. Psychological Methods, 3(4), 424–453. doi:10.1037/1082-989X.3.4.424
  • Huang, Y.T. & Sharyn, R-T. (2014). The moderating effect of cultural congruence on the internal marketing practice and employee satisfaction relationship: An empirical examination of Australian and Taiwanese born tourism employees. Tourism Management, 42, 196–206. doi: 10.1016/j.tourman.2013.12.005
  • Hussain, S. Fangwei, Z. Siddiqi A. F. Ali, Z. Shabbir, M. S. (2018) Structural Equation Model for Evaluating Factors. Affecting Quality of Social Infrastructure Projects, Sustainability, 10, 1415, 1-25. doi:10.3390/su10051415
  • Idoro, G.I. (2011). Comparing occupational health and safety (OHS) management efforts and performance. J. Constr. in Dev. Ctries., 16(2), 151–173.
  • International Labor Office. (2011) OSH Management System: A Tool for Continual Improvement, International Training Centre of the International Labor Office, Turin, Italy.
  • Kaiser, H.F. (1974). An index of factorial simplicity. Psychometrika, 39, 31–36. doi:10.1007/BF02291575
  • Keleş, R. (2005). The role of occupational health and safety ın total quality management. 4th Research/Expert Conference with International Participations. QUALITY 2005. Fojnica, B&H. 73– 78.
  • Li, J. Guangtao, Y. Yongjuan, L. & Feng, L. (2010). Perceived colleagues’ safety knowledge/behavior and safety performance: Safety climate as a moderator in a multilevel study. Accident Analysis & Prevention. 42, 1468–1476. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2009.08.017
  • Lumpkin, G.T. & Dess, G.G. (2001). Linking two dimensions of entrepreneurial orientation to firm performance: the moderating role of environment and industry life cycle. Journal of Business Venturing, 16, 429–451. doi:10.1016/S0883-9026(00)00048-3
  • Martin, M.J., & Kaufman, E.K. (2013). Do Job Satisfaction and Commitment to the Organization Matter When It Comes to Retaining Employees? Journal of Extension, 51(4), 1-7. Available from https://www.joe.org/joe/2013august/pdf/JOE_v51_4rb1.pdf
  • Masso, M. (2015). The determinants of employee participation in occupational health and safety management. International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics. 21(1), 62-70. doi: 10.1080/10803548.2015.1017959
  • Mullen, J., Kelloway, E. K., & Teed, M. (2017). Employer safety obligations, transformational leadership and their interactive effects on employee safety performance. Safety Science, 91, 405-412.
  • Nadinloyi, K.B. Sadeghi, H. & Hajloo, N. (2013). Relationship Between Job Satisfaction and Employees Mental Health. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 84, 293–297.
  • Neal, A. Griffin, M.A. (2006) A Study of the Lagged Relationships Among Safety Climate, Safety Motivation, Safety Behavior, and Accidents at the Individual and Group Levels, Journal of Applied Psychology. 91(4), 946–953.
  • Nevhage, B. & Lindhal, H. (2008). A conceptual model, methodology and tool to evaluate safety performance in an organization. Master’s Thesis, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
  • Nytrö, K.S. (1998). Organisational prerequisites for the implementation of systematic health, environment and safety work in enterprises. Safety Science. 30(3), 297–307.
  • O’Toole, M. (2002). The relationship between employees’ perceptions of safety and organizational culture. Journal of Safety Research, 33, 231–243.
  • Pawlowska, Z. Occupational safety and health management systems and workers’ participation [Internet], (2013) 2018 June 18 [cited 24 April 2013] [about 1 screens]. Available from https://oshwiki.eu/wiki/Occupational_safety_and_health_management_systems_and_workers%E2%80%99_participation
  • Rajeswari, P. & Rajakrishnan, V.S. (2015). An analysis of job dimensions on organizational commitment with special reference to sales representatives at Nagapattinam district. International Journal of Advenced Scientific Research & Development, 02(04), 10–20.
  • Redinger, C.F. Levine, S.P. Blotzer. M.J. & Majewski, M.P. (2002). Evaluation of an Occupational Health and Safety Management System Performance Measurement Tool—II: Scoring Methods and Field Study Sites. AIHA Journal, 6, 34–40. doi: 10.1080/15428110208984689
  • Reilly, B. Paci, P. & Holl, P. (1995). Unions, safety committees and workplace injuries. British Journal of Industrial Relations, 33(2), 273-88. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-8543.1995.tb00435.x
  • Ringle, C. M., Wende, S., & Becker, J.-M. (2015). SmartPLS 3. Boenningstedt: SmartPLS GmbH, Available from: http://www.smartpls.com.
  • Satuf, C. Monteiro, S. Pereira, H. Esgalhado, G. Afonso, R.M. & Loureiro, M. (2016) ” The protective effect of job satisfaction in health, happiness, well-being and self-esteem. International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics. 24(2), 181–189. doi: 10.1080/10803548.2016.1216365
  • Seixas, N. Crollard, A. Neitzel, R. Stover, B. & Dominguez, C. (2013). Intervening at the Bottom: Can a Health and Safety Committee Intervention Influence Management Commitment? Policy and Practice in Health and Safety, 11(1), 61-78. doi: 10.1080/14774003.2013.11667785
  • Sempane, M.E. Rieger, H.S. & Roodt, G. (2002). Job satisfaction in relation to organisational culture. SA Journal of Industrial Psychology, 28(2), 23-30. Retrieved from http://www.sajip.co.za/index.php/sajip/article/view/49/47
  • Shearn, P. (2005) Workforce Participation in the Management of Occupational Health & Safety, Report HSL/2005/09, Health and Safety Executive, UK. Retrieved from: http://www.hse.gov.uk/research/hsl_pdf/2005/hsl0509.pdf
  • Stoilkovska, B.B. Pančovska, V.Z. & Mijoski, G. (2015). Relationship of safety climate perceptions and job satisfaction among employees in the construction industry: the moderating role of age. International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics. 21(4), 440-447. doi: 10.1080/10803548.2015.1096059
  • The General Directorate of Occupational Health and Safety, Turkey [İSGGM]. (2013). Good Implementations of Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems in EU [Avrupa Birliği’nin İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği Yönetim Sistemleri İyi Uygulamaları], İSGGM Press, Ankara.
  • Ünlü, A. E. (2013). İs sağlığı ve güvenliği uygulamalarının işletmeler üzerindeki ekonomik etkileri [Economic effects of OHS practices on businesses]. Bursa: ÇSGB, İş Teftiş̧ Kurulu Başkanlığı yayını.
  • Vandyck, E. Fianu, D. Papoe, M. & Oppong, S. (2015) "Safety management systems, ergonomic features and accident causation among garment workers," Les Actes de la troisième Conférence internationale sur Les application de l'ergonomie dans les pays en voie de développement, Algeria, pp. 109-114.
  • Vinodkumar, M.N. and Bhasi, M. (2010). Safety management practices and safety behaviour: Assessing the mediating role of safety knowledge and motivation. Accident Analysis & Prevention. 42(6), 2082–2093. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2010.06.021
  • Wagner, I. (1994). Participation’s effects on performance and satisfaction: A reconsideration of research evidence. The Academy of Management Review, 19(2), 312–330.
  • Walters D.R. & Frick, K. (2000). Worker Participation and the Management of Occupational Health and Safety: Reinforcing or Conflicting Strategies?” In Systematic Occupational Health and Safety Management – Perspectives on an International Development, K. Frick, L.P. Jensen. M. Quinlan and T. Wilthagen, eds, pp. 43-65, Pergamon Press, Oxford, UK.
  • Widerszal-Bazyl M, Warszewska-Makuch M. (2008) Employee Direct Participation in Organisational Decisions and Workplace Safety. International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 14(4), 367–378
  • Wilkins J.R. (2011) Construction workers’ perceptions of health and safety training programmes, Construction Management and Economics, 29:10, 1017-1026, doi: 10.1080/01446193.2011.633538
  • Wu, T.C. Chen, C.H. & Li, C.C. (2008). A correlation among safety leadership, safety culture and safety performance. Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries, 21, 307-318. doi: 10.1016/j.jlp.2007.11.001
  • Zhu, Y. Xie, Y. Warner, M. & Guo, Y. (2015). Employee participation and the influence on job satisfaction of the ‘new generation’ of Chinese employees. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 26(19), 2395-2411, doi: 10.1080/09585192.2014.990397.

Volume 7, Issue 2, 2019

2019.07.02.STAT.02

alphanumeric journal

Volume 7, Issue 2, 2019

Pages 301-318

Received: April 17, 2019

Accepted: Sept. 17, 2019

Published: Dec. 31, 2019

Full Text [555.1 KB]

2019 Bayram, M.

This is an Open Access article, licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

Creative Commons Attribution licence

scan QR code to access this article from your mobile device

Contact Us

Faculty of Transportation and Logistics, Istanbul University
Beyazit Campus 34452 Fatih/Istanbul/TURKEY

Bahadır Fatih Yıldırım, Ph.D.
editor@alphanumericjournal.com
+ 90 (212) 440 00 00 - 13219

alphanumeric journal

alphanumeric journal has been publishing as "International Peer-Reviewed Journal" every six months since 2013. alphanumeric serves as a vehicle for researchers and practitioners in the field of quantitative methods, and is enabling a process of sharing in all fields related to the operations research, statistics, econometrics and management informations systems in order to enhance the quality on a globe scale.